MID-TERM
REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION
OF
GEODESY SECTION II: ADVANCED SPACE TECHNOLOGY
http://geodesy.eng.ohio-state.edu/iag_sectionII
President:
C.K. Shum (USA), ckshum@osu.edu
Secretary:
Pascal Willis (France), pascal.willis@ensg.ign.fr
September
1999 – August 2001
5
July, 2001
Summary
Section
II, Advanced Space Technology of the International Association of
Geodesy, is engaged in new space techniques for geodesy, geodynamics,
atmospheric, oceanographic and other areas of Earth science studies.
Its objectives include the participation and promotion of the research
and applications using the modern space technologies for a wide
variety of interdisciplinary studies in Earth and planetary sciences.
Section II organizes Commissions and Special Commissions, Special
Study Groups and various Services to fulfill its objectives. This
report summarizes the progress for the first half of the four-year
term (1999-2003) of Section II activities.
Commission,
Special Commissions, and Special Study Groups
The
structure of Section II during 1999-2003 has been organized at the
IUGG General Assembly in Birmingham in 1999. It consists of:
1.
Commission VIII, International Coordination of Space
Techniques for Geodesy and Geodynamics (CSTG), http://www.dgfi.badw.de/~cstg/,
Chair: Hermann Drewes (Germany), Secretary: Wolfgang Bosch (Germany).
The Mid-Term report of CSTG is on: http://geodesy.eng.ohio-state.edu/iag_sectionII/CSTGmid-termreport.htm.
Sub commissions are:
(i)
Coordination and Combination of the Analysis in Space Geodesy,
Chair: Tom Herring (USA), http://bowie.mit.edu/~tah/cstg_comb/.
(ii)
Precise Satellite Microwave Systems, Chair: Pascal Willis
(France).
(iii)
Multi-mission Satellite Altimetry, Chair: Wolfgang Bosch
(Germany), http://dgfi2.dgfi.badw-muenchen.de/cstg/SCOMMSA/.
(iv)
Precise Orbit Determination for Low Earth Orbiting Satellites,
Chair: Markus Rothacher (Germany), http://ww.iapg.bv.tum.de/cstg/index.html.
(v)
Project on DORIS, Chair: Gilles Tavernier (France).
2.
Special Commission VII, Satellite Gravity Field
Missions, Chair: Karl-Heinz Ilk (Germany), Scientific Secretary: Jürgen
Kusche (Germany), http://www.geod.uni-bonn.de/SC7/index.html. The
Mid-Term report is on: http://www.geod.uni-bonn.de/SC7/index.html.
3.
Special Study Groups. There are five Special Study
Groups (SSG), two could be considered as continuation from the
previous 4-year period, three SSGs are newly established. They are:
(i)
SSG 2.162, Precise Orbits Using Multiple Space Techniques,
Chair: Remko Scharoo (The Netherlands), http://www.deos.tudelft.nl/~remko/ssg2.162.
Mid-Term report is on http://www.deos.tudelft.nl/~remko/ssg2.162/report2000.pdf.
(ii)
SSG 2.183: Spaceborne Interferometry Techniques, Chair: Ramon
Hanssen (The Netherlands), http://www.geo.tudelft.nl/fmr/research/insar/ssg/ssg2183.html.
The Mid-Term report is on http://geodesy.eng.ohio-state.edu/iag_sectionII/ssg2.183.htm.
(iii) SSG 2.192:
Spaceborne Atmospheric GNS Soundings, Chairs: Rob Kursinski (USA),
Klemens Hocke (Germnay), http://www.gfz-potsdam.de/pb1/IAG/SSG_RO/SSG_RO.htm.
The Mid-Term report is on http://www.gfz-potsdam.de/pb1/IAG/SSG_RO/ssg_news.html.
(iv)
SSG 2.193: Gravity Field Mission: Calibration and Validation,
Chairs: Pieter N.A.M. Visser (The Netherlands), Christopher Jekeli
(USA), http://www.deos.tudelft.nl/~pieter/IAG.SSG. The Mid-Term report
is on http://www.deos.tudelft.nl/~pieter/IAG.SSG/REPORTS/ReportSSG2.193_2000.html.
(v)
SSG 2.194: GPS Water Level Measurements, Chairs: Gerry Mader
(USA), Tilo Schone (Germany), Doug Martin (USA), http://op.gfz-potsdam.de/altimetry/SSG_buoys/index.html.
The Mid-Term report is on http://op.gfz-potsdam.de/altimetry/SSG_buoys/SSG_notes.html.
4.
Services. There are three Services under Section II:
(i)
International GPS Service (IGS), Chair: Christopher Reigber,
Director of the Central Bureau: Ruth Neilan, http://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov.
The Mid-Term report is on http://geodesy.eng.ohio-state.edu/iag_sectionII/ruthiag.html.
(ii)
International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS), Chair: John J.
Degnan, Secretary: Mike Pearlman, Director of the ILRS Central Bureau:
John M. Bosworth, http://ilrs.gsfc.nasa.gov. The Mid-Term report is on
http://geodesy.eng.ohio-state.edu/iag_sectionII/ilrs.htm.
(iii) International
VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS), Chair: Wolfgang
Schlueter, Director of the Coordinating Center: Nancy Vandenberg, http://ivscc.gsfc.nasa.gov. The Mid-Term report is on
http://geodesy.eng.ohio-state.edu/iag_sectionII/IVS-midterm.htm.
Progress
July
2000 marked the first satellite gravity mission launch in the decade,
CHAMP, for the beginning of a series of spaceborne gravity measurement
sensors, to be followed by GRACE in late 2001 and GOCE in 2005. For
the first time ever, high-low GPS-LEO tracking, low-low LEO-LEO
Doppler ranging, spacebrone gradiometer and with 3-axis accelerometers
will be flown and represent new space technologies at the frontier of
geodetic measurements. SAC-C (2000), CHAMP, GRACE and COSMIC (2004)
represent new and abundant missions using GPS limb-sounding or
occultation for measuring atmospheric water vapor (integrated water
vapor and precipitable water vapor profiles). Together with ground
based GPS, spaceborne GPS occultation measurements are beginning to
have a major impact on space weather, meteorology and climate studies.
Use of GPS on buoys for water level measurements represents another
innovative use of GPS. GPS reflection or GPS altimeter measurements,
which are being tested (e.g., using CHAMP), represents another new
space technology to be potentially promising. Synthetic Aperture Radar
interferometry (InSAR) is continuing to be studied as another
cutting-edge space geodetic technology. Special Commission and SSGs
under Section II have made progress in studying in each of these new
space geodetic techniques.
Conferences
During
1999-2001, Section II contributed to various scientific conferences
including the following:
IAG
Scientific Assembly, Vistas for Geodesy in the New Millennium,
Budapest, Hungary, September 2-7, 2001.
American
Geophysical Union Spring Meeting, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, June,
2001.
Fifth
Symposium on Integrated Observing Systems, American Meteorological
Society Symposium, Albuquerque, New Mexico January 15-19, 2001.
26th
General Assembly of the EGS in Nice, France, March 25-30, 2001.
GNSS-2001,
Sevilla, Spain, 2001.
American
Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, USA,
December, 2000.
ERS-ENVISAT
Symposium, Gothenbury, Sweden, October 2000.
COSPAR
Symposia, Taipei, Taiwan, Sept., 2000.
14th
International Symposium on Earth Tides, Mizusawa, Japan, August
8-Septemeber 1, 2000.
IAG
International Symposium on Gravity, Geoid, and Geodynamics 2000, July
31-August 4, Canada, 2000.
COSPAR
Symposia, Warsaw, Poland, July 16-23, 2000.
IGARSS2000,
Honolulu, July 2000.
Spring
AGU Meeting, Washington D.C. May 30-June 3, 2000.
ERIM
2000, Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments, Charleston,
May 1-3, 2000.
Pacific
Islands Conference on Climate Change, Rarotonga, Cook Islands, April
2-7, 2000.
25th
General Assembly of the EGS in Nice, France, April 24-29, 2000.
ISRSE,
Cape Town, 27-31 March 2000.
6th
International Conference on Applications of High-Performance Computers
in Engineering, 26-28 January, 2000, Maui, Hawaii, 2000.
American
Geophysical Union Spring meeting, Washington, USA, 2000.
TOPEX/POSEIDON/Jason-1
Science Working Team Meeting, Miami, USA, 2000.
ION
GPS 2000, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, 2000.
Sixth
International Symposium on Land Subsidence,volume CNR, 2000.
Fall
AGU Meeting, San Francisco, December 13-17, 1999.
Second
International Workshop on ERS SAR Interferometry, `FRINGE99', Belgium,
10-12 Nov 1999.
TOPEX
side B altimeter calibration campaigns, Jason SWT Meeting, St.
Raphael, France, October 25-27, 1999.
EGS'
First Vening Meinesz Conference on "Global and Regional Sea-Level
Changes and the Hydrological Cycle", Loiri-Porto San Paolo,
Sardinia, Italy, October 4-7, 1999.
GPS99
meeting, Tsukuba, Japan, October, 1999.
IUGG
Symposia, Birmingham, UK, July, 1999.
EGS
24th General Assembly, The Hague, The Netherlands, April 1999.
ALT-B
Calibration Workshop, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
Maryland, USA, 1999.
The
Ocean Observing System for Climate, OCEANOBS 99, St Raphael, France,
1999.
Conclusions
On
the eve of the evolution of the IAG structure, Section II would be in
its last 4-year term under the current organization. While mathematics
and technology may considered by many as the foundation of Geodesy,
the new IAG structure would reflect the prominence of applications and
services in terms of Commissions (Reference Frame, Gravity Field,
Earth Rotation and Geodynamics, and Positioning and Applications). It
is envisioned that the development and studies of space technologies,
while no long would be at the highest level of the IAG new structure,
would and should still be playing a critical part in its evolved role
to continue to contribute as one of the foundations of contemporary
geodesy.
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