Present statutes and by laws are shown in black 
Suggestions by the Cassinis committee are shown in blue

Because of the ongoing discussion on the IAG structure, it was decided that the Cassinis Committee report would be presented to the Council at Birmingham for information but not for immediate adoption. It would be considered as a base for the continuing discussions on the IAG structure and will be incorperated in the proposal to the Council meeting following Birmingham.

STATUTES AND BY-LAWS

I- Definition and objectives of the International Association of Geodesy

1. The International Association of Geodesy, hereafter called the Association, is one of the constituent associations of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, hereafter called the Union.
Unchanged

2. The objectives of the Association are :

a) to promote the study of all scientific problems of geodesy and encourage geodetic research;
a) to promote the study of all scientific problems of geodesy, to encourage geodetic research, and to further the education of young researchers,

b) to promote and coordinate international cooperation in this field, and promote geodetic activities in developing countries;
b) to promote and coordinate international cooperation in geodesy and to provide international services,

c) to provide, on an international basis, for discussion and publication of the results of the studies, researches and works indicated in paragraphs a) and b) above.
c) to encourage and support geodetic activities in developing countries,

d) to provide an international forum for the discussion and publication of results which originate from the activities mentioned above

3. To achieve these objectives, the Association shall comprise a small number of Sections, each of which deals with a distinct part of geodesy.
 
Commissions, Special Commissions and Special Study Groups may be formed as provided in the By-Laws.
Commissions, Special Study Groups, and Services may be formed as provided in the By-Laws. They are normally assigned to one Section. Committees may be appointed according to the By-Laws.

4. Every country adhering to the Union (Member Country) may be represented by Delegates to the Association.

a) Scientists may become Affiliates of the Association, either as Fellows or Associates, as provided in the By-Laws.
a) Sientists from member countries may become Affiliates of the Association, either as Fellows or Associates, as provided in the By-Laws. Each member country, through its Adhering Body, shall appoint National Delegates to the Association from the Association Affiliates.

II- Administration

5. The General Assembly of the Association shall consist of the Delegates of the Member Countries duly accredited by the corresponding Adhering Bodies, as defined in the Statutes of the Union.
The General Assembly of the Association shall consist of the Affiliates.

6. The Council of the Association shall consist of the Delegates, known as Council Delegates, designated for meetings of the Council and formally accredited by the Adhering Body of Member Countries on the basis of one Delegate for each Member Country. Each Council member shall be an Associate or a Fellow of the Association.
The Council of the Association shall consist of the National Delegates, formally accredited by the Adhering Body of the Member Contries, on the basis of one Delegate per country.

No member of the Bureau of the Association shall serve as a Council Delegate of a country. The President of the Association shall preside over the Council meetings, without vote, except in the case of a tie as provided in article 16 hereafter.

7. Responsibility for the direction of the Association affairs shall be vested in the Council of the Association. Decisions of the Council shall be reported to the General Assembly. In the case that the majority of those present at a General Assembly meeting disagrees with the decisions of the Council, the Council shall reconsider the question, and make a decision, which shall be final.
Unchanged

8. Between meetings of the Council , the direction of the affairs of the Association shall be vested in the Bureau and the Executive Committee, the respective composition and responsabilities of which are defined hereafter.
Unchanged

9. The Bureau of the Association shall consist of the President, the First Vice-President and the Secretary General, all of whom shall be elected by the Council. The duties of the Bureau shall be to administer the affairs of the Association in accordance with these Statutes and By-Laws and with the decisions of the Council and the Executive Committee.
The Bureau of the Association shall consist of the President, the Vice-President and the Secretary General, all of whom shall be elected by the Council. The duties of the Bureau shall be to administer the affairs of the Association in accordance with these Statutes and By-Laws and with the decisions of the Council and the Executive Committee.

10. The Executive Committee shall consist of the Bureau, the immediate past President and the Second Vice-President of the Association, and the Presidents of the Sections.

The Honorary Presidents and the Honorary General Secretaries of the Association, the Presidents of Commissions, the Secretaries of the Sections, the Assistant Secretaries of the Association and the Chief Editor of the Bulletin Geodesique may attend any meeting of the Executive Committee of the Association, with voice but without vote.

The duties of the Executive Committee shall be to further the scientific objectives of the Sections and other scientific bodies of the Association through effective coordination and through the formulation of general policies to guide the scientific work of the Association.

The members of the Executive Committee shall attend meetings of the Council, with voice but without vote.

The Executive Committee shall consist of the Bureau, the past President and the Presidents of the Sections.

The Honorary Presidents and Honorary General Secretaries, the Presidents of the Commissions, the Directors or an appointed representative of the Services, the Chief Editor of the Journal of Geodesy, and the Assistant Secretaries of the Association may attend any meeting of the Executive Committee, with voice but without vote.
The duties ...

III- Voting

11. A Council Delegate may represent only one Member Country.

A Member Country which is not represented at a Council meeting may vote by correspondence on any specific question, provided that matter has been clearly defined on the final agenda distributed in advance to the Member Countries and that the discussion thereon has not produced any significant new considerations or changed its substance, and provided that the said vote has been received by the President prior to the voting.
Unchanged

12. In order that the deliberations of the Council shall be valid, the number of the Council Delegates present must be at least half of the Member Countries represented at the General Assembly of the Union.
Unchanged

13. On questions not involving matters of finance, the voting in Council shall be by Member Countries, each Member Country having one vote, provided that its Union subscriptions shall have been paid up to the end of the calendar year preceding the voting.
Unchanged

14. On questions involving finance, the voting in Council shall be by Member Countries, with the same provision that a voting country shall paid its Union subscriptions up to the end of the calendar year preceding the voting in Council. The number of votes allotted to each Member Country shall then be equal to the number of its category of membership as defined by the Union.
... a voting country shall have paid ...

15. Before a vote in a Council meeting, the President shall decide whether or not the matter under consideration is financial in character and whether the procedure of voting by correspondence applies.
Unchanged

16. Decisions of the Council shall be taken by a simple majority, except as otherwise specified in these Statutes. If a tie should occur in a Council vote, the President shall cast the decisive vote. Simple and two-thirds majorities are determined by the proportion of affirmative votes to the sum of all votes (affirmative, negative and abstention). Bank and invalid ballots and votes not cast by delegates present are counted as abstentions.
Unchanged

IV- General

17. Proposals for a change of any article of the Statutes of the Association must reach the Secretary General at least six months before the announced date of the Council meeting at which it is to be considered. The Secretary General shall notify all Member Countries of any proposed change at least four months before the announced date of the Council meeting.
.  ...(to add:) The Cassinis Committee, appointed every 8 years for one period by the Executive Committee in its first meeting after the General Assembly, shall review the Statutes and By-Laws of the Association to ensure an up-to-date structure of its scientific organisation.

18. The Statutes of the Association may not be modified except by the approval of a two-thirds majority of votes cast at a Council meeting.

These Statutes or any further modification of them shall come into force at the close of the Council meeting at which they are approved.
Unchanged

19. The Council shall have the power to adopt By-Laws within the framework of the Statutes of the Association.

These By-Laws may not be modified except by a simple majority of votes cast at a Council meeting.

These By-Laws or any further modification of them shall come into force at the close of the Council meeting at which they are approved.
Unchanged

20. In the event of the dissolution of the Association, its assets shall be ceded to the Union.
Unchanged

21. Conduct of meetings : Except as otherwise provided in the Statutes or By-Laws, business meetings shall be conducted according to Robert's Rules of Order.
Unchanged

22. These Statutes and By-Laws of the Association are set out in French and in English.

The validity of these rules shall not be vitiated by any error of a formal or accidental nature.
Unchanged

II- BY-LAWS

I- Structure

1. The scientific work of the International Association of Geodesy is allocated to Sections, the respective responsabilities of which are decided by the Council on recommendation of the Executive Committee. The structure of these Sections shall be reviewed every eight years (two periods) by a committee, called the Cassinis Committee, which shall make proposals to the Executive Committee. Because of the complex interrelations among various activities of the Association, interactions between the individual sections are implied.
The scientific work ... the respecitve responsibilities ... on recommendation of the Executive Committee. Because of the complex interrelations ...

There are at present five sections which are the following :

- Section I : Positioning.
. high precision horizontal and vertical networks;
. satellite and spatial positioning;
. inertial positioning;
. kinematic positioning;
. geodetic astronomy;
. marine positioning;
. refraction.
Section 1: Positioning
     - terrestrial reference frames
     - fiducial and control networks
     - crustal deformation networks
     - positioning by space and inertial techniques
     - marine positioning
     - engineering applications of geodesy

- Section II : Advanced Space Technology.
. development of space techniques for geodesy, such as: satellite radio-tracking techniques, radio-interferometric techniques, satellite and lunar laser ranging, satellite altimetry, satellite-to-satellite tracking, satellite gradiometry, geodetic measurements from space;
. orbital computations;
. direct results of such techniques;
. planetary and lunar geodetic techniques.
 Section 2: Advanced space techniques
     - development of space methods
     - orbital computations
     - atmospheric investigations from geodetic space techniques
     - planetary and lunar geodesy.

- Section III : Determination of the gravity field.
. absolute and relative terrestrial gravity measurements;
. non tidal gravity variations;
. determination of the external gravity field and the geoid from gravimetry, gradiometry, geodetic astronomy, space and inertial techniques;
. reduction and estimation of gravity field quantities.
Section 3: Determination of the gravity field
     - absolute and relative gravity measurements
     - determination of non-tidal gravity variations
     - determination of the external gravity field and its representation, e.g. geoid
     - reduction and estimation of gravity field quantities
     - planetary and lunar gravity fields.

- Section IV : General Theory and Methodology.
. General mathematical models for geodesy;
. statistical and numerical analysis;
. data processing and management;
. optimization methods;
. least squares methods;
. differential and integral theories of the gravity field;
. theory of estimation, approximation and representation of the gravity field.
Section 4: Theory and methods
     - mathematical methods in geodesy
     - statistical and numerical analysis
     - estimation and prediction methods
     - differential and integral theories of the gravity field
     - inverse problem theory.

- Section V : Geodynamics.
. reference systems;
. monitoring and study of time-dependent phenomena: polar motion, Earth rotation, Earth tides, recent crustal motions, variations of gravity, sea surface topography and mean sea level;
. geodetic aspects of international geodynamic projects;
. planetary and lunar dynamics;
. geophysical interpretation of gravity and related data.
Section 5: Geodynamics
     - reference systems
     - investigation of global time-dependent phenomena such as earth rotation, earth tides, ice and crustal motions, gravity variations, ice and sea-surface
       topography, mean sea level
     - planetary and lunar dynamics
     - geophysical interpretation of gravity with other data.

1A- Each Section shall set up a Steering Committee consisting of the Section President, the Secretaries, the Presidents of Commissions and Special Commissions within the Section, and such other persons, who have participated in the work of the Section, as are coopted to the Committee, on the recommendation of the Section President.
1A.  Each Section shall set up a Steering Committee, consisting of the Section President, the Presidents of the Commission, the Directors or Representatives of the Services, and the Chairpersons of the Special Study Groups.

2. Commissions may be formed for activities for which close international cooperation or organization is necessary, in particular for long term problems or activities relating to large regions.

Every Member Country of the Union is entitled to nominate one representative to each Commission, except those dealing with specific geographical areas; to the latter Commissions, only Member Countries of the Union in the geographical area in question are entitled to nominate one representative each.
A Commission is normally assigned to one Section.

Each Commission may be organized according to its own requirements in compliance with the Statutes and By-Laws of the Association and subject to approval by the Executive Committee, for instance through the formation of regional Sub-Commissions.
Commissions may be formed for studying scientific problems and for large-scale activities of long-term character, which require close international cooperation or organization. A Commission is normally assigned to one Section.

Every Member Country is entitled to nominate, through its Adhering Body, one National Representative to each Commission. Members of the Commission are the National Representatives and other scientists

A Commission may be organized according to its own requirements,in compliance with the Statutes and By-Laws of the Association, and subject to the approval by the Executive Committee. This includes the selection of the Commission members, the election of the commission officers except the commission President, the formation of Sub-Commissions for studying dedicated problems or for regional activities, and the establishment of Working Groups for specialized tasks.
Each Commission shall set up a Steering Committee, consisting of the Commission President and the other commission officers.

2A- Special Commissions may be formed to study scientific problems of a long term character which require close cooperation between specialists from different countries.

A Special Commission is normally assigned to a particular Section. Each Special Commission may be organized to its own requirements in compliance with the Statutes and By-Laws of the Association and subject to the approval by the Executive Committee, for instance through the formation of special Sub-Commissions to study defined aspects in its fields.
Delete 

3. Special Study Groups may be formed to study specific scientific problems of limited scope which require close cooperation between specialists from different countries.

A Special Study Group is normally assigned to a particular Section.
.   ... A Special Study Group is normally assigned to a particular Section. Inter-Section Special, Study Groups may be formed, but should be allocated to one leading Section

3A.  Committees may be appointed for limited time, for specific tasks or questions of scientific, educational or administrative character. The Committees report to the Executive Committee.

3B.  The Association may set up or participate in dedicated Services, which collect, analyze and provide data or information relevant to geodesy. The scientific management of the Service shall be ensured by a Director, under the generalsupervision of a Board. The FAGS rules are applied for a Service being a member of the Federation of Astronomical and Geophysical Data Analysis Services (FAGS).The rules for other IAG Services are given by the By-Laws. A Service is normally assigned to a particular Section.

4. The setting-up and dissolution of the Commissions, the Special Commissions and the Special Study Groups are decided by the Executive Committee which also specifies whether the Commission, the Special Commission or the Special Study Group is to be placed under the direct authority of the Association or of one of its Sections.

The list of Commissions, Special Commissions and Special Study Groups shall be published in the Geodesist's Handbook after each General Assembly.
Setting-up and sissolution of the Commissions, the Special Study-Groups, the Committees and the non-FAGS-IAG-Services are decided by the Executive Committee, which also identifies the internal allocation of these bodies.

5. The Association may also participate in joint scientific bodies with other Associations of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, or, representing this Union with other Unions. These bodies shall be administered according to specific rules proceeding from their relations with other agencies, but they shall report on their scientific work at each General Assembly of the Association.

The Executive Committee of the Association shall decide whether the relationship with any such common body is to be placed under the responsibility of the Association or of one specific Section. This responsibility includes the appointment of representatives to these common bodies as well as participating in the planning of their future activities.
The Association may participate in joint bodies of the Union and other scientific organizations, especially those belonging to the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU). These bodies shall be administered according to their specific rules. Their relationship with the Associations will be placed under the responsibility of either the Executive Committee or a specific Section, and handled by the IAG Representatives.

5A.  The list of Commissions, Special Study Groups, Committees, Services and joint bodies shall be published in the Geodesist's Handbooks after each General Assembly.
 

II- Elections.

6. Elections shall take place in the Council during each Ordinary General Assembly of the Association.

The President in office, after taking advice from members of the Executive Committee, shall appoint a Nominating Committee consisting of a Chairman and three other members. The Nominating Committee, after taking advice from the Adhering Bodies of the Member Countries and officers of the Association, shall propose a candidate for each position to be filled by election in the Council. Candidates shall be asked to signify their acceptance of nomination and to prepare a resume, maximum 150 words, outlining their position, research interests and activities relating to the Association. The delegates shall be informed of these nominations and the resumes, early in the General Assembly, and a notice posted allowing for submission, over a period of at least 48 hours, of further nominations. Such nominations shall be in writing, shall be supported by at least two members of the Council, and shall be submitted with resumes as described above to the Secretary General. Delegates shall be informed of these further nominations and resumes and of their supporters.

Elections shall be by secret ballot.

No person may hold more than one of the following offices at the same time : President of the Association, Vice-President, President of a Section and President of a Commission and a Special Commission.
Unchanged

7. The time interval between the closures of two successive Ordinary General Assemblies of the Association is called here a period.
Unchanged

8. The President of the Association is elected for one period. He may not be re-elected to this office, but the Council may appoint him as Honorary President.
Unchanged

9. The First and Second Vice-Presidents are elected for one period and may not be immediately re-elected to the same office.
Unchanged

10. deleted.

11. The Secretary General is elected for one period initially. He may be re-elected for two additional single periods.
Unchanged

12. The same rules as in Art. 11 apply to Assistant Secretaries, other than the Assistant Secretary appointed under Art. 37A.
Unchanged

13. A member of the Bureau or of the Finance Committee of the Union may not occupy the post of President, of First Vice-President or of Secretary General of the Association.
Unchanged

14. Should the position of President become vacant in the interval between two Ordinary General Assemblies, his duties devolve to the First Vice-President until the closure of the next Ordinary General Assembly. In the same way the duties of the First Vice-President then devolve on the Second Vice-President.

Should the post of Secretary General become vacant, the President shall arrange without delay for the Executive Committee to elect a replacement by correspondence so as to ensure the continuity of the work of the Central Bureau. This election has effect until the closure of the next Ordinary General Assembly.
... delete from "in the same way ... Second Vice-President.

15. The Presidents of Sections are elected for one period and may not be immediately re-elected to the same office.
Unchanged

16. The Secretaries of Sections are elected for one period but may be re-elected for one further period.

The President of each Commission which is in a Section shall be a Secretary of that Section. The maximum number of Secretaries in a Section shall be two, except where the number of Commissions in a Section is greater than one, the number of Secretaries shall then equal the number of Commissions plus one.
Deleeted

17. Should the position of President of Section become vacant between two Ordinary General Assemblies, the Executive Committee shall appoint an interim member to take office until the closure of the next General Assembly.

Should other vacancies occur, the Executive Committee may make interim appointments.
Unchanged

18. The Presidents of Commissions and Special Commissions are elected by the Council of the Association for one period and may be immediately re-elected for one further period.
The Presidents of Commissions are elected for one period and may be immediately re-elected for one further period.

19. The Chairman of a Special Study Group is appointed by the Executive Committee for one period only.
add
19A. The Chairperson of a Committee is appointed by the Executive Committee for one period and may be immediately reelected for one further period.

19B. The director of a non-FAGS IAG-Service is appointed for one period and may be reelected.
 

20. A person may be President or Chairman at the same time of no more than one of the bodies referred to in Arts. 18 and 19.
A person may be President, Chairperson or Director at the same time of no more than one of the bodies refered to in Arts. 18 and 19.

III- General Assemblies.

21. The Association shall hold its own Ordinary General Assemblies in conjunction with the Ordinary General Assemblies of the Union, at the same time and in the same country.
Unchanged

22. Before any General Assembly, a detailed agenda is prepared by the Bureau of the Association. As far as the scientific work is concerned, the agenda is drawn up by the Executive Committee. This agenda is sent to the member countries and to all the officers of the Association so as to reach them at least two months prior to the Assembly. In principle, only matters on the agenda may be considered during the sessions, unless a decision to do otherwise is passed by a two-thirds majority in the Council or in the Executive Committee.
Unchanged

23. At each General Assembly, the President of the Association shall present a detailed report on the scientific work of the Association during his tenure. The Secretary General shall present a detailed report on the administrative work and on the finances of the Association for the same period. They both should submit proposals regarding work to be undertaken during the coming period, within the limits of expected resources.

These reports are handed to the delegates attending the General Assembly before the opening of the Assembly.
... within the limits of expected resources. These reporty are published in "The Geodesist's Handbook".

24. The scientific meetings generally take place Section by Section, but the study of some questions may require joint meetings of several Sections or Symposia under chairmen appointed by the Executive Committee.

Joint Symposia covering topics interesting two or more Associations within the Union may be arranged.
Unchanged

25. At each General Assembly, the work of each Section shall be reported by its President assisted by his Secretaries. Similarly, the work of each Commission, Special Commission or Special Study Group shall be reported by its President or Chairman.
At each General Assembly, the work of each Section shall be reported by its President. The work of each Commission, Special Study Group and Service shall be reported to the Section where it is assigned to. The reports of the Committees and the IAG Representatives are given to the Executive Committee.

26. The inclusion on the agenda of scientific papers for presentation at sessions of the General Assembly is decided by a committee consisting of one member of the Bureau and the Presidents of Sections.
A Screening Committee will be set up by the IAG President in due time, in order to decide about the acceptance of scientific papers for presentation at the Genral Assembly. The Committee consists of one member of the Bureau and the Presidents of Sections

27. Individual authors are responsible for the reproduction of their scientific papers. These papers are distributed to the delegates by the Central Bureau prior to the meeting where they are presented. They may be published in the Bulletin Géodésique subject to its editorial policy.
... They may be published in the IAG Symposia Proceedings or in the Journal of Geodesy...

IV- Publications.

28. The Association's journal is the Bulletin Géodésique, hereinafter referred to as the journal. The journal is published at regular intervals, through an agreement between the Association and a publishing company, or by other arrangement approved by the Executive Committee. The terms of any agreement for publication of the journal shall be negotiated by the President and ratified by the Executive Committee.

There shall be one or more Editors-in-Chief for the journal, hereinafter referred to as the Editor. The Editor shall be advised and assisted by a Board of Editors, hereinafter referred to as the Board.

The Editor shall be responsible for the scientific content of the journal. All scientific manuscripts shall be subject to a refereeing process and the Editor shall make the final decision on whether a manuscript is accepted for publication. The Editor shall keep the Association informed of the activities and status of operations of the journal.

The Association's official journal is the Journal of Geodesy, ...
The journal is published monthly, ...

The journal publishes peer-reviewed papers, covering the whole range of geodetic science, and contains the IAG Newsletter.

There shall be one Editor-in-Chief for the journal, hereinafter referred to as the Editor. He may be assisted by an Assistant Editor-in-Chief. The Editor shall be advised ...

The IAG Newsletter is under the editorial responsibility of the IAG Central Bureau.

28A. At the time of each General Assembly, the Editor shall, in consultation and agreement with the President of the Association, recommend candidates for membership of the new Board, which is to hold office for the next period. During the Assembly, the current Board shall elect the members of the new Board from those recommended. After taking office, the new Board shall elect one, or more, Editors(s) for the next period. The nomination of the Editor(s) shall be approved by the Executive Committee.

The Editor and the members of the Board, shall each hold office for one period, but shall be eligible to be elected for one further period.
Unchanged

28B. After each General Assembly, a special issue of the Bulletin Géodésique shall be published under the name of "Geodesist's Handbook". This issue aims at providing detailed information on the Association, its structure and scientific activities, and other relevant technical and administrative information.

28B. After each General Assembly, a special issue of the Journal of Geodesy shall be published under the name of "The Geodesist's Handbook". This issue provides the actual information on the Association, including the reports of the President and Secretary General presented at the previous General Assembly, the resolution taken at that Assembly, and the Associations' structures for the running period, as well as relevant scientific and administrative information.

29. After each General Assembly, a collection of the reports presented by the Sections, Commissions and Special Study Groups shall be published in the "Travaux de l'Association Internationale de Géodésie". This publication is supplied free of charge to the Officiers of the Association and to the Adhering Body of each Member Country.
Unchanged

30. The Association also issues special publications which contain information on recommended standards in geodesy.
Delete

30A Proceedings of the Association's Symposia may be published in the International  Association of Geodesy Symposia Series. The Series Editor is the President of the Association, with the Symposia Convenors acting as Editors. All manuscripts are subject to a refereeing process, and the Editor shall make the final decision on whether a manuscript is accepted for publication.

31. At every General Assembly each Member Country of the Union is invited to supply an adequate number of copies of its National Report on geodetic work done since the previous General Assembly. These National Reports, as far as available, are distributed by the Central Bureau of the Association in the same manner as the "Travaux de l'Association Internationale de Géodésie".
Unchanged

V- Administration.

32. The Council of the Association shall :

a) examine questions of general scientific policy or administration in the business of the Association and appoint such Committees as may, from time to time, be deemed necessary for this purpose;

b) elect the members of the Bureau and of the Executive Committee, the Assistant Secretaries of the Association, the Secretaries of Sections, the Presidents of Commissions and of Special Commissions;

c) receive reports from the Secretary General and consider for approval the decisions or actions taken by the Bureau and the Executive Committee since the last Council meeting;

d) appoint the three members of the ad hoc committee created for examining the finances of the Association, consider its recommendations and adopt the final budget;

e) consider proposals for changes in the Statutes and By-Law;

The Council is convened by the President of the Association. It shall normally meet during the Ordinary General Assemblies.

The Council of the Association shall

     a) examine questions of general scientific policy or administration, and propose actions deemed necessary;
     b) ... delete: "The Secretaries of Sections" ... "and of Special Commissions".
     c) - e) unchanged.
 
33. The Executive Committee of the Association shall :

a) initiate actions and issue guidelines, as required, to guide the Association towards the achievement of its scientific objectives;

b) fill vacancies occuring between General Assemblies, in accordance with the present Statutes and By-Laws;

c) set up and dissolve Commissions, Special Commissions and Special Study Groups;

d) appoint Chairmen of Special Study Groups, and approve the election of the Editor(s) in Chief of the Bulletin Géodésique;

e) appoint members of the Cassinis Committee;

f) make recommendations to the Council on matters of General policy of the Association and on the implementation of its objectives;

g) on the recommendation of the Bureau, appoint Fellows and Associates of the Association. Past officers of the Association, including those of the Commissions and sub-Commissions, shall be eligible for appointment as Fellows and shall be invited to become Fellows of the Association. Persons elected as officers of the Association or nominated as members of Commissions, Special Commissions of Special Study Group, shall automatically become Associates of the Association. Persons from Member Countries who apply, indicating previous participation in Association activities, or providing a recommendation from their national Adhering Body or a recommendation from an officier or a Fellow of the Association, shall be eligible to become Associates, and shall be recommended by the Bureau.

The Executive Committee is convened by the President of the Association, it shall meet at General Assemblies and its members shall attend the meetings of the Council, with voice but without vote. It shall also meet normally at least once betwen General Assemblies, one year ahead of the General Assembly, in order to prepare the scientific agenda and the time-table during the next General Assembly.

At a meeting of the Executive Committee, no member may be represented by any other person, except a President of a Section who may be represented by a Secretary of his Section. In order that the deliberations of the Executive Committee shall be valid, half at least of its members must be present or represented.

The agenda for each meeting of the Executive Committee shall be prepared by the Bureau and sent to the members at least three months prior to the meeting.

The Executive Committee of the Association shall:
     a)   unchanged
     b)   unchanged
     c)   set up and dissolve Commissions, Special Study Groups, Committees, and IAG-Services, and approve their internal structure;
     d)   appoint the Chairperson of the Special Study Groups, the Committees and the Directors of the non-FAGS IAG-Services; the members of the Cassinis Committee, and the IAG representatives to joint bodies, the latter shall be appointed for one period and may be reappointed for one further period;
     e)   approve the election of the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal
     f)   unchanged
     g)   ... including those of the Commissions and IAG-Services, shall be ...  persons elected as officers of the Association or nominated as members of commissions, Special Study Groups and Committees shall automatically ...
          next General Assembly.
The Executive Committee has the right, to establish a Fund (IAG Fund) for supporting specific IAG activities as defined in the Fund Rules, to be published in the Geodesist's Handbook. The Fund is under the direct responsibility of the President, the Fund fortune is administerd by the Secretary General.

The Executive Committee may establish awards for outstanding contributions to geodesy and distinguished service to the Association. The Rules for the awards are published in the Geodesist's Handbook.

At a meeting of the Executive Committee, no member ... except a President of Section who may be represented by the President of a commission assigned to his Section ...

34. The Bureau of the Association shall :

a) draw up the agenda of the meetings of the Council and Executive Committee;

b) ensure the adequate administration of the Association. It shall normally meet before each meeting of the Executive Committee.
Unchanged

35. The President of the Association shall :

a) be the representative of the Association in its dealing with National or International Organizations or Institutions;

b) convene and preside over the General Assembly and over all meetings of the Council, Executive Committee and Bureau;

c) submit a report to the General Assembly on the scientific work of the Association during his tenure;

He is a member of the Executive Committee of the Union. In case of his absence, the First Vice-President shall act.

delete: "He is a member of the Executive Committee of the Union"

36. The Secretary General shall :

a) serve as secretary of the General Assembly, the Council, the Executive Committee and the Bureau: arrange for meetings of these bodies, prepare and distribute promptly the agenda and the minutes of all their meetings;

b) be the Director of the Central Bureau;

c) manage the affairs of the Association, attend to correspondence, preserve the records;

d) circulate all appropriate information related to the Association;

e) prepare the reports on the Association's activities, especially report to the General Assembly on the administration and the finance of the Association during the current period;

f) perform such other duties as may be assigned to him by the Bureau.
Unchanged

37. To assist the Secretary General in the performance of his duties to the Association, the Association establishes a permanent agency, the Central Bureau, including a variable number of employees paid out of Association funds.

The Secretary General is also assisted by a small number of Assistant-Secretaries, one of whom is located in the same office as the Secretary General. All these functions are unpaid and only expenses incurred in connection with them are repayable.

To assist the Secretary General, the Association established the Central Bureau, after invitation from the host country.

37A. An additional Assistant Secretary to be known as the Assembly Secretary may also be appointed by the Council on the recommendation of the Adhering Body of the country in which the next General Assembly takes place. If this procedure is not feasible then the Council may delegate the appointment to the Bureau.

In cooperation with the Central Bureau, this Assistant Secretary has responsibilities for liaison with the organizers working on the preparation of the General Assembly. This Assistant Secretary shall be appointed for one period only.
Assistant Secretaries may be appointed by the Executive Committee ...

IV- Activities of Sections, Commissions, Special Commissions and Special Study Groups.

38. The President of a Section is responsible for the scientific development within the area of his Section and is the representative of his Section on the Executive Committee of the Association. Working closely with the Steering Committee he shall encourage, guide and coordinate the work of the Commissions, Special Commissions and Special Study Groups within his Section, and in particular keep the officers of his Section as well as the Bureau of the Association informed of the Section's activities, on an annual basis.

It is desirable the the President of a Section, or else one of the Secretaries of the Section, should attend each of the Symposia related to the section.

Before each General Assembly the President of a Section shall receive the reports of the Commissions, Special Commissions and Special Study Groups within his Section and, assisted by the Steering Committee, prepare a report on the activities of the Section to be presented at the General Assembly.

He shall receive suggestions for new Special Study Groups, and suggestions for continuation of existing Special Study Groups under Art. 43, and, after consulting his Section Steering Committee, shall coordinate them and transmit his recommendations to the Executive Committee.

Each Section Steering Committee shall meet at least once during each Ordinary General Assembly and on at least one other occasion during the period. At the General Assembly meeting, or on some other appropriate occasion, the Steering Committee shall review the activities of Commissions, Special Commissions and Special Study Groups over the past period, and for those which will be recommended for continuation, review their programmes for the forthcoming period.

The Section Secretaries assist the Section President in his duties.

.  ... coordinate the work of the bodies assigned to his Section, and in particular ...
     He prepares the Terms of Reference for his Section, to be published in The Geodesist's Handbook.

It is desirable that either the President or a Commission President of a Section attend the Symposia related to the Section.

Before each General Assembly ... reports of the bodies assigned to his Section,  and prepare a report on the Section's activities to be presente at the GeneralAssembly.

He shall receive suggestions for new Commissions, Special Study Groups and Services, and suggestions for ...

The Section Steering Committee shall meet at least once during each GeneralAssembly ... At the General Assembly, or on some other ... review the activities of the bodies assigned to the Section over the past period, and ... delete: "The Section Secretary assists the Section President in his duties."

39.The President of a Commission is responsible for initiating and directing its work and selecting its members, apart from those representatives of Member Countries appointed under Art. 2.

The President of each Commission shall issue a brief description of the work to be performed and a list of members, to be published in the Geodesist's Handbook after each General Assembly.

To assist communication and cooperation within each Commission, members should be informed, on an annual basis, of results achieved and of outstanding problems.
The President of a Commission working closely with the Steering Committee, is responsible for initiating and directing its work, for the formation of Sub-Commissions and Working Groups, and for selecting its members apart from the National Representatives appointed according to Art. 2. The number of selected Commission members should not exceed 30.

The president ...

The Commission Steering Committee should work in an analogous way asdescribed for the Section Steering Committees under Article 38.

39A. The President of a Special Commission is responsible for initiating and directing its work and selecting its members. Special Commission membership should be balanced so as to reflect international cooperation in the subject and shall be limited to a member not exceeding 30.

The President of each Special Commission shall issue a brief description of the work to be performed and a list of members, to be published in the Geodesist's Handbook after each General Assembly.

To assist communication and cooperation within each Special Commission, members should be kept informed, on an annual basis, of results achieved and of outstanding problems.
Delete

40. The Chairman of a Special Study Group is responsible for initiating and directing its work and appointing its members. Special Study Group membership should be balanced so as to reflect international cooperation in its subject and shall be limited to a number exceeding 20.

The Chairman of each Special Study Group shall issue a brief description of the work to be performed and a list of members, to be published in the Geodesist's Handbook after each General Assembly.

To assist communication and cooperation within each Special Study Group, members should be kept informed, on an annual basis, of results achieved and of outstanding problems
The Chairperson of a Special Study Group ... a number not exceeding 20.Corresponding members may be selected

40A. new: The Chairperson of a Committee is responsible for directing its work and selecting its members, except for the Committee where according to the Statutes and By-Laws, the members are selected by other IAG bodies.

The Chairperson of the Committee should keep the Executive Committee of the Association informed on the Committee's activities, on a biannual basis. The Chairperson shall prepare a report to be presented at the

40B. new: The Director of a Service is responsible for directing its work according to the Service rules. He should keep the responsible Section informed on the Service activities, on a biannual basis. The Director should prepare a report to be presented at the General Assembly.

41. The President of the Association, the Central Bureau and the President of the relevant Section should receive copies of all official correspondence and of notices to members of Commissions, Special Commissions and Special Study Groups.
The Central Bureau should receive copies of all relevant correspondence of Sections, Commissions, Special Study Groups, Committees and Services.

42. The reports of each Commission, Special Commission and Special Study Group should reach the President of each relevant Section at least three months before each General Assembly. These reports and the reports of the Sections are published in the "Travaux de l'Association Internationale de Géodésie".
The reports of Commissions, Special Study Groups and Services should reach the President of the relevant Section at least three months ... The reports of Committee should reach the President of the Association at least three months before each General Assembly, if not otherwise stated, these reports and the reports of the Sections are published in ...

43. The period of work of each Special Study Group normally ends at an Ordinary General Assembly. In the exceptional case that a continuation of the work is deemed necessary, the Special Study Group Chairman shall submit in writing a well-grounded proposal, including a suggestion for his successor, to his Section President, at least three months before the General Assembly. The Section President shall then make a recommendation to the Executive Committee.
Unchanged

44. Commissions, Special Commissions and Special Study Groups not assigned to one Section shall be under the responsibility of the President of the Association.
Delete

45. Commissions, Special Commissions and Special Study Groups are free to hold workings of their members. If they wish to arrange scientific Symposia, these are subject to the usual approval procedure for Symposia of the Association. Symposia should be arranged only if the topic transcends the frame of one Commisson, one Special Commission or one Special Study Group.
Commissions, Special Study Groups and Committees are free to hold scientific meetings. Scientific Symposia are subject to the approval procedure of the Association. A scientific Symposium has to be sponsored by one or more Commissions or by at least two Special Study Groups.

VII- Symposia.

 Articles 46-50 have to be revised completely, in connection with the Rules for IAG Scientific Meetings, published in The Geodesist's Handbook pp. 866-868.

46. The Association may organize scientific Symposia to study particular questions of wide interest.
See remark above article 46

The Executive Committee is responsible for a balanced selection of Symposia, to ensure a representative coverage of subjects and a good geographical distribution and to avoid duplication, overlap and undue frequency.

Symposia sponsored by the Association shall be freely open to all scientists, in accordance with ICSU regulations.

47. Normally applications for Symposia to be held in the period between two Ordinary General Assemblies should be submitted by the Host Organization to the Secretary General before the General Assembly preceding that period. During this General Assembly other applications may be submitted to the Secretary General at least two days before the last meeting of the Council.

The Council, on recommendation of the Executive Committee, shall decide whether the Symposium in question will be sponsored by the Association.

In exceptional cases, the Executive Committee may approve late applications. Such applications must be submitted at least 18 months before the proposed date for the Symposium.
See remark above article 46 

48. The Symposium Organizer must send an official announcement of the Symposium to the Bulletin Géodésique at least one year in advance or immediately after the approval by the Association; the announed date of the Symposium must not be changed later.
See remark above article 46

49. Within three months after, the Symposium Organizer shall provide a report to be published in the Bulletin Géodésique. This report should indicate whether, where, and when the Proceedings will be published. A Copy of the Symposium Proceedings, or else one copy of each paper presented at the Symposium, shall be sent to the Central Bureau of the Association.
See remark above article 46

50. Sponsorship by the Association means only official recognition and does not imply financial support.
See remark above article 46

VIII- International Sientific Cooperation.

51. The Association may undertake directly, supervise or cooperate in scientific work of an international or interdisciplinary character. As a matter of principle, the Association should be represented at Congresses, International Meetings, General Assemblies, etc... of scientific organizations whose activities are connected with its own. The President of the Association or its designate will be the representative of the Association at these meetings.

Travelling and accommodation expenses of the Delegate of the Association may be charged, in whole or in part, to the Association. The Delegate shall prepare a report of the meeting, including the discussions relating to geodesy, which may be published, in whole or in part, in the Bulletin Géodésique.

The Association may also represent the Union in inter-Union Commissions or special joint Committees dealing with topics that are related to its own studies.

Elections of Association or Union geodetic representatives to those permanent bodies shall be made by the Executive Committee. These representatives shall be elected for one period and may be re-elected for one further period.

The Association should initiate and cooperate in scientific work of international and interdisciplinary character. This includes the adequate participation in international programs and projects and the representation at scientific Congresses, Symposia etc. of organizations with related activities. The President of the Association decides on the proper participation or representation.

The Representatives to international programs and projects should keep the IAG President informed on the activities, on a biannual basis. The Representatives shall prepare a report to be presented at the General Assembly. The Representatives to scientific Congresses etc. shall prepare a report to be published in the Journal of Geodesy.

IX- Finance.

52. The funds of the Association derive from :

a) the contributions of the member countries of the Union of which a proportion, determined by the Council of the Union on recommendation of its Finance Committee, is paid to the Association by the Treasurer of the Union;
b) the sale of publications;
c) any other source (including grants, donations, interest, funds remaining after a symposium, etc...).
Unchanged

53. The Secretary General is responsible to the Bureau of the Association and to the Council for managing the funds in accordance with the Statutes and By-Laws, with the decisions of the Council and with the recommendations of the Finance Committee of the Union.

The Secretary General alone shall responsible for control of the financial operations of the Association; however for each bank account of the Association, there shall be one Assistant Secretary who shall also have access to the account.
. ... the Secretary General alone shall be responsible for ...!

54. At each Ordinary General Assembly of the Association the budget proposal for the ensuing period shall be presented by the Secretary General and submitted for approval to the Council.

The budget as approved by the Council shall be implemented by the Secretary General.

During the next Ordinary General Assembly, the Council shall examine all expenditures to ensure that they were in accordance with the proposals previously approved. The Council shall appoint an ad hoc committee for carrying out this examination in detail.

In addition, these accounts shall be audited by a qualified accountant and shall then be reported to the Treasurer of the Union, as prescribed in Art. 20 of By-Laws of the Union.
Unchanged